Cellular and Molecular Pathways of Nanoliposome Action in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles play a major role in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. This condition leads to cognitive impairment and cell death. It is challenging to transport therapeutic medications over the blood-brain barrier, which is which limits the availability of effective treatments for this disease. Nanoliposomes are amphiphilic bilayer structure that can carry medicinal chemicals across the blood-brain barrier. Because of this, they are often used to deliver drugs. The objective of this study is to examine how nanoliposomes reduce the detrimental consequences of Alzheimer's disease by focusing on Aβ oligomers, diminishing neuroinflammation, and maintaining neuronal integrity. Adding ligands that target Aβ to nanoliposomes makes the treatment work better and have fewer side effects. Sphingolipids, gangliosides, curcumin, and monoclonal antibodies are all examples of ligands. Animal models of Alzheimer's disease have also shown that nanoliposomes can help with memory and congnitive functions. There have been big steps forward in using biological systems, but there are still problems with biocompatibility, scalability, and getting regulatory approval. Nonetheless, considerable data from preclinical studies indicates that nanoliposomes may serve as a crucial tool in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This technique would provide a new and personalized approach to treating this terrible disease.